Life In A Highschool Essay Example For Students

Life In A Highschool Essay Life in a High School Bart Hayes Eng102sec.065 4/27/00 Cliques are small groups of between two and twelve individuals. Cliques are small enough that the members feel that they know each other better than do people outside the clique. Members of a clique share common activities and friendships. They are social settings in which adolescents hang out, talk to each other, and form closer friendships. Groups of friends, called cliques can be important for social upgrading, but in most cases the enormous power and effects of these cliques can create alienation, exclusion , and destructive results. In my high school , as well as every other high school in America there are social groups of individuals, called cliques , that effect every individual whether they are an insider or an outsider. Generally there are the cool cliques , the athletic cliques, the freak clique, the skater clique, the smart clique, and the average clique. Almost everyone finds their place in one of these cliques, but there are always a few outsiders who go through high school never knowing where they belong. these are the people who are constantly ridiculed, picked on , and talked about day in and day out. The effects can be devastating, even deadly. In Littleton, Coloraldo two outcast teenagers came into school one day and began shooting, targeting the athletes and other students who had made their lives awful by ridiculing them constantly. Seniors Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold stormed their suburban Denver school with guns and bombs last April 20, killing 12 students and a teacher before taking their ow n lives(Kenworthy 1). Augustana University education professor Larry Brendtro explained kids who feel powerless and rejected are capable of doing horrible things(Cohen 4). A high school student, Jason Sanchez understands why the two outsider snapped by saying If you go to school, and you dont have friends, it drives you to insanity(Cohen 4). So what do these lonely outcast kids do if they are rejected by everyone? Roger Rosenblatt discusses in his article, Welcome to the Works of the Trench Coat , how kids will discover self-worth by hating an enemy(Rosenblatt 1). The kids of Columbine for example look alike; they conceal differences. People who are attracted to clans and cults seek to lose their individuality and discover power and pride in a group. As individuals , the killers Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold, were vulnerable, taunted by the other tribes in school the cliques, the athletes as geeks and nerds(Rosenblatt 1). The end result as a young girl involved in the murders reported was , He just put a gun to my head, and he started laughing and saying it was all because people were mean to him last year(Rosenblatt 1). The social warfare of cliques has no limits or boundaries; anything can and will happen. Columbine High School is only one example of how high school cliques can be damaging to teenagers. At Glen Ridge H igh School a group of jocks raped a retarded woman. In that attractive upper-middle-class New Jersey suburb, thirteen jocks were present in the basement where the young womans body was penetrated by a baseball bat and a broomstick. The country was sickened by the inhumanity of a bunch of guys who were among the most admired and envied young men in their community and high school (Lefkowitz 653). These star athletes were not even afraid of being punished. They told their friends and schoolmates of the incident not trying to hide it at all. Athletes are treated as kings of the school. This is not only true for the athletes , but for the cheerleaders too. In the article by Adam Cohen he says While others plod through high school, they glide: their exploits celebrated in the pep rallies and recorded in the school paper and trophy cases(Cohen 2). Another high school student Blake McConnell says that The jocks and the cheerleaders have the most clout, they get out of punishment even with the police. Joe Blow has a wreck and has been drinking, and he gets the book thrown at him. The quarterback gets busted, and he gets a lighter sentence ( Cohen 2). How does this prepare the so called stars for the real world whenever they are just an average working man? How does this make the normal and less special students feel?What about the smart people, where is their recognition for all their hard work and success? Cohen noted that assemblies to honor the best students rarely lasted twenty minutes. The school yearbook displayed ten photographs of the most mediocre football player. But the outstanding scholar was lucky to get one grainy photo ( Lefkowitz 654). This is leaving the impression on many teens that the jocks are superior while everyone else is below them. What kind of lasting impression will this leave on the kids? Lefkowitz stated in her essay, I received hundreds of letters from people, some in their seventies and eighties, who recalled how excluded they felt whe n their schools anointed one group of guys as leaders(Lefkowitz 654). High school teaches us all many important lessons that stay with us all through our life, and sometimes the lessons inside the classroom are the least of it. High school is a chance for us all to invent ourselves. High school for me was the best of times, even though when I was still in school and someone told this to me I just thought they were crazy. My senior prom, the football games, the pep rallies, and even the trouble I got into are all memories that I will look back upon for the rest of my life and just think how great life was then. I guess though while I was caught up in all the fun and games of high school I never stopped and noticed all the people being left behind. The people who remember high school as pain and suffering. The outsiders that we all picked on not stopping to realize what we had cost them, the best years of their lives. BibliographyCohen, Adam. A Curse of Cliques. Time Magazine 3 May 19 99: 1-3. .u5ce644a19b6b2c8e015dd3bbcfcbbb3e , .u5ce644a19b6b2c8e015dd3bbcfcbbb3e .postImageUrl , .u5ce644a19b6b2c8e015dd3bbcfcbbb3e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u5ce644a19b6b2c8e015dd3bbcfcbbb3e , .u5ce644a19b6b2c8e015dd3bbcfcbbb3e:hover , .u5ce644a19b6b2c8e015dd3bbcfcbbb3e:visited , .u5ce644a19b6b2c8e015dd3bbcfcbbb3e:active { border:0!important; } .u5ce644a19b6b2c8e015dd3bbcfcbbb3e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u5ce644a19b6b2c8e015dd3bbcfcbbb3e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u5ce644a19b6b2c8e015dd3bbcfcbbb3e:active , .u5ce644a19b6b2c8e015dd3bbcfcbbb3e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u5ce644a19b6b2c8e015dd3bbcfcbbb3e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u5ce644a19b6b2c8e015dd3bbcfcbbb3e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u5ce644a19b6b2c8e015dd3bbcfcbbb3e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u5ce644a19b6b2c8e015dd3bbcfcbbb3e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u5ce644a19b6b2c8e015dd3bbcfcbbb3e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u5ce644a19b6b2c8e015dd3bbcfcbbb3e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u5ce644a19b6b2c8e015dd3bbcfcbbb3e .u5ce644a19b6b2c8e015dd3bbcfcbbb3e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u5ce644a19b6b2c8e015dd3bbcfcbbb3e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: New Religions EssayKentworthy, Tom. Columbine Changes Schools Inner World. http.//www.usatoday.com/news/index/0010/0010192.html* (2000, April 14) . Lefkowitz, Bernard. Dont Further Empower Cliques. Boston, New York: Bedford St. Martins, 2000. Rosenblatt, Roger. Welcome to the Works of the Trench Coat Time Magazine 3 May 1999: 1-3. BibliographyCohen, Adam. A Curse of Cliques. Time Magazine 3 May 1999: 1-3. Kentworthy, Tom. Columbine Changes Schools Inner World. http.//www.usatoday.com/news/index/0010/0010192.html (2000, April 14) . Lefkowitz, Bernard. Dont Further Empower Cliques. Boston, New York: Bedford St. Martins, 2000. Rosenblatt, Roger. Welcome to the Works of the Trench Coat Time Magazine 3 May 1999: 1-3.

The Impact of Non-Financial Resources Essay Example

The Impact of Non-Financial Resources Essay The Impact of Non-Financial Resources In this assignment I will provide information for the Human Resources Director of Babcock Plc, about how my chosen business uses physical, technological and human resources. I have chosen to research about Marks and Spencer’s, which is a private limited company and sells high quality clothing, home products and food. They operate internationally, but mostly concentrating on UK. Managing the human, physical and technological resources are very important for Marks and Spencer’s because, they help the company operate efficiently, and productively. Managing these resources well helps them with the day to day running of the business. Physical Resources Physical resources are the resources that are available for the day to day running of the business, and they’re made by humans. For example they can be in the form of buildings, or machinery. Buildings and locations are very important for the company, so they will attract more customers and the buildings will be functional for their shops. Marks and Spencer’s have successfully managed their buildings and locations because, most of their shops are located in the high street which has a high footfall and is easily accessible. We will write a custom essay sample on The Impact of Non-Financial Resources specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Impact of Non-Financial Resources specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Impact of Non-Financial Resources specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer This increases the number of customers, which means there are more sales for their business. Also their buildings stand out and their shops are spacious and functional. Another thing is that they have shops located in more than 41 countries, which means the sales increase because there are more customers in different countries. Secondly, shelving is also important for Marks and Spencer’s to function, and to make their products easily accessible to customers, and stand out. In their stores the shelving is well located, and spread out in different segments. This makes the customers find the product they’re looking for, easy to find. Also it makes the customers have a good experience with Marks and Spencer’s and reduces the time to look for the products. Another thing that the company does is that they put direction signs, which tell the customers where everything is and makes shopping around the store easier. Additionally all Marks and Spencer’s stores are laid out the same way, so wherever customers shop, they will know their way around the store. By doing this, it helps to improve shopping experience for the customers, and retain heir existing customers which will increase their sales and improve their profit. Lastly, another physical resource that Marks and Spencer’s use is the CCTV cameras. These are important for the business because they keep the business secure and decrease the chances of people stealing so they have less chances of loosing profit. Marks and Spencer’s have security cameras all a round their stores, which also keep record of number of the customers that they get. This is useful because they can prevent people from stealing so, less stealers will come into the shop. Therefore the business keeps safe, saves money and doesn’t lose out profit. Human Resources Human resources are the people that work for the organisation, and are essential for the business. Without human resources the business would be impossible to operate. Marks and Spencer’s use human resources to recruit new staff when the business can’t keep up with the demand. They make sure the recruitment process goes well and that they recruit the right person for the job. This helps to avoid recruiting the wrong person, and wasting money on training them. This saves money and time on training new staff. Marks and Spencer’s have managed their human resources well because, they keep mostly the same staff, which is good for the business because they know about the job and there’s less risk for mistake. Also they are more trustworthy because, they work for a long time for the company, and know more about the job than a newly recruited person. Marks and Spencer’s provide different incentives for the right staff, so they will be more likely to work harder and provide a higher quality work. This helps the business to run more smoothly and avoids mistakes being made. Also more customers will be coming to the shop if the staff is kind and helpful to them, which will increase the sales and therefore profit. The human resources department monitors performance of the employees and makes sure they are well trained for their job. They provide training for the staff, for each sector they work in, which will help them to do their job more easily and successfully. If an employee doesn’t do their job right, they could fire them and recruit another person to fill their space. Also they make sure that they fill up work for people on holiday or sick. This is to make sure that the work that needs to be done is not affected by people being on holiday etc. Another thing that human resources in Marks and Spencer’s do, is that they make sure there is the required number of staff on each shop floor to keep the business run smoothly and provide the right customer service. This has been successful because there is always available staff to help on the shop floor, which means the customer service is improved therefore sales increase because customers keep coming back to the store and this increases profit. Technological Resources Technological resources are the resources that help the business to function more efficiently and quickly. However these are not as important for the business as the human resources. Marks and Spencer’s used BizTalk which is a server that helps the business to manage business processes more productively. They have changed the way that information about sales was delivered to the central systems. Now, rather than collecting sales information and then transferring it to the central systems overnight, they transfer sales to the central systems, at the time they happen. Also they use this to link their web sales into their existing back-end systems. This helps the business to run more efficiently and productively. Without using this, the information about sales would take longer to collect, and the business would run as quickly and smoothly as it does now. Marks and Spencer’s use automated stock control to optimise stock management. They improve product availability by using this, because it keeps record of how much stock is in the warehouse, so the company knows when to reorder stock. This avoids running out of stock. Also by using automated stock control, the company can order their products in a good time from suppliers, which improves the relationships with them, and they are less likely to run out of stock. This meansthat they will always have their products available for their customers, which increases sales and profit. Every business needs to manage their resources effectively, and control their budget costs for the business to perform well. If the business doesn’t control their budget costs, they could invest more money in their business than they would get back. Also they could run out of money to buy their products , or to pay their employees, so they need to control the budget costs to avoid those mistakes. A business needs to control their physical, human and technological resources, so that their business will operate more productively and efficiently, at the same time reducing the costs of the business. This will make sure that they reduce spending money on things that are not needed, and therefore increase the profit. For example Marks and Spencer’s manage their physical resources well by having their buildings in a good location, with a high foot fall. This is good for the business because there is more customers coming into the stores, which means there will be more sales, and therefore more profit. However locating a store in a good location, could be hard and expensive, because places with a high foot fall and easy access to customers, are often sought after. Another good way of managing resources are having CCTV cameras around the stores because, these improve the security of the business, therefore more customers will want to shop in the store. Also if more customers shop there, the sales increase and business makes more profit. Another way that CCTV cameras help to improve performance of the business is that they keep the stealers away from the business. This means that less people will steal in their shops, so they will lose less money and therefore it increases the profit. However having CCTV cameras around all the stores is very expensive, but for a big international company like Marks and Spencer’s it is a good way to invest their money in. This is because by having them it will increase the profit if their company. Marks and Spencer’s also manage their human resources effectively, because they don’t hire not needed staff, to reduce their costs, and keep the number of staff in their stores to minimum. This reduces the costs that they have to pay their employees, and therefore increases profit. However sometimes, recruiting new staff can bring new ideas for the business and can improve the performance of it, so Marks and Spencer’s should sometimes recruit new staff. Also the Human Resources Department makes sure that people that don’t do their job well are fired and they replace them with new employees. This makes sure the company has the required number of staff at all times, and that they can do their jobs easily and smoothly. Another good thing is that without the human resources department the business might not have enough employees, and therefore they would not be able to provide the right service for the customers. Consequently, the sales would decrease and there will be less profit. To improve the performance of the business, the human resources department needs to make sure that the employees work as hard as they can and produce high quality work. If they don’t, they need to give them incentives so they will work harder. However to make the incentives effective they need to know the employees, so the employees will benefit from the incentives. For example, they cannot gives a voucher for a free kids meal, for an employee that doesn’t have children. If the company gives bad incentives they would lose money because, the employees would be unlikely to work harder if they receive incentive that is not useful for them. Marks and Spencer’s use automated stock control which is a good way of improving performance of the business because; it helps to avoid human error. This helps to make sure that the company keeps the record of their stock, and they know when they need to reorder it. This is a good thing for the Page 4 company as they can easily make sure that they have their stock available at all times, so operating of the business becomes easier. If they didn’t have the automated stock control it would be hard to control their stock in the warehouse, and they could run out of their stock. Also without the automated stock control, the business wouldn’t be able to order their stock in a good time, so the company would be unable to run smoothly. Overall, it is very important for the business to manage their resources well, so the performance of the business will be improved. If they manage their resources in a good way, they will reduce their costs and increase the profit. Also they need to control their budget costs so they will not run out of money, and will be able to pay for the costs to run their business efficiently. Bibliography * Lecture notes * Marks and Spencer’s website, 4th/11/11 , About Us http://corporate. marksandspencer. com/aboutus * What is BizTalk, 7th /11/11, http://www. microsoft. com/biztalk/en/us/overview. aspx * PowerPoint presentations, 4th . 11. 2011

Free Essays on The Effect Of Womenin The Workplace During WWII

Women? In the workplace? WHAT â€Å"World War II changed the face and the soul of the world forever. The boundaries of countries, the shapes of cities, and the minds and views of people were permanently altered† (Wise, 5). People’s outlooks would never be the same. In December 1941, the Japanese attacked on Pearl Harbor. Within a year, hundreds of thousands of American men from eighteen to thirty-nine years old were fighting in the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard. The men left their wives, children and jobs. With no one working, how would the economy hold up, and how would the production of needed supplies be produced? Wives, mothers, sisters, and girlfriends left their families, education, or other jobs to learn the skills required to continue the work that was deserted by the men, and some more. For women that had a profession, the war offered them a chance to break into careers or management positions that or else would have been off limits for women. For those that did not, jobs in the air, on the sea, as nurses and doctors, and war correspondents were offered. For the entire time of the war, the U.S. government flattered American women to work in the war, whether it was at home or in the factories or flying a plane or anything else that contributed to the success of the war. â€Å"Rosie the Riveter†, quickly became the catchy phrase that represented all women workers. It was a song that was made, not based on a real person but it was selected because of its sound in accordance with what was going on in the world. Along with the song came a poster (See We Can Do It!) of an attractive woman in overalls. The song began with these lyrics: While other girls attend a favorite cocktail bar, Sipping dry martinis, munching caviar; There’s a girl who’s really putting them to shame- Rosie is her name. All the day long, whether rain or shine, She’s part of the assembly line, She’s making... Free Essays on The Effect Of Womenin The Workplace During WWII Free Essays on The Effect Of Womenin The Workplace During WWII Women? In the workplace? WHAT â€Å"World War II changed the face and the soul of the world forever. The boundaries of countries, the shapes of cities, and the minds and views of people were permanently altered† (Wise, 5). People’s outlooks would never be the same. In December 1941, the Japanese attacked on Pearl Harbor. Within a year, hundreds of thousands of American men from eighteen to thirty-nine years old were fighting in the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard. The men left their wives, children and jobs. With no one working, how would the economy hold up, and how would the production of needed supplies be produced? Wives, mothers, sisters, and girlfriends left their families, education, or other jobs to learn the skills required to continue the work that was deserted by the men, and some more. For women that had a profession, the war offered them a chance to break into careers or management positions that or else would have been off limits for women. For those that did not, jobs in the air, on the sea, as nurses and doctors, and war correspondents were offered. For the entire time of the war, the U.S. government flattered American women to work in the war, whether it was at home or in the factories or flying a plane or anything else that contributed to the success of the war. â€Å"Rosie the Riveter†, quickly became the catchy phrase that represented all women workers. It was a song that was made, not based on a real person but it was selected because of its sound in accordance with what was going on in the world. Along with the song came a poster (See We Can Do It!) of an attractive woman in overalls. The song began with these lyrics: While other girls attend a favorite cocktail bar, Sipping dry martinis, munching caviar; There’s a girl who’s really putting them to shame- Rosie is her name. All the day long, whether rain or shine, She’s part of the assembly line, She’s making...

Definition and Examples of Inflectional Morphology

Definition and Examples of Inflectional Morphology Inflectional morphology is  the study of the processes (such as affixation and vowel change) that distinguish the forms of words in certain grammatical categories. In comparison to many other languages, the inflectional system of Modern English is fairly limited.   Inflectional  morphology is customarily distinguished from derivational morphology (or word formation). As A.Y. Aikhenvald points out, Derivational morphology results in the creation of a new word with a new meaning. In contrast, inflectional morphology involves an obligatory grammatical specification characteristic of a word class (Typological Distinctions in Word-Formation in Language Typology and Syntactic Description, 2007). This distinction, however, is not always clear-cut. Examples and Observations Inflectional Categories and Derivational CatgeoriesThe prototypical inflectional categories include number, tense, person, case, gender, and others, all of which usually produce different forms of the same word rather than different words. Thus leaf and leaves, or write and writes, or run and ran are not given separate headwords in dictionaries. Derivational categories, in contrast, do form separate words, so that leaflet, writer, and rerun will figure as separate words in dictionaries. In addition, inflectional categories do not, in general, alter the basic meaning expressed by a word; they merely add specifications to a word or emphasize certain aspects of its meaning. Leaves, for instance, has the same basic meaning as leaf, but adds to this the specification of multiple exemplars of leaves. Derived words, by contrast, generally denote different concepts from their base: leaflet refers to different things from leaf, and the noun writer calls up a somewhat different concept from th e verb to write.That said, finding a watertight cross-linguistic definition of inflectional which will let us classify every morphological category as either inflectional or derivational is not easy. . . . [W]e define inflection as those categories of morphology that are regularly responsive to the grammatical environment in which they are expressed. Inflection differs from derivation in that derivation is a lexical matter in which choices are independent of the grammatical environment.​(Balthasar Bickel and Johanna Nichols, Inflectional Morphology. Language Typology and Syntactic Description: Grammatical Categories and the Lexicon, 2nd ed., edited by Timothy Shopen. Cambridge University Press, 2007) Dictionaries and Inflectional Morphology[I]t is not correct to say that dictionaries never have anything to say about inflectional morphology. This is because there are two reasons why a word form such as pianists does not have to be listed, and these reasons are interdependent. The first is that, once we know that an English word is a noun denoting a kind of thing that can be counted (if the noun is pianist or cat, perhaps, but not astonishment or rice), then we can be confident that it will mean simply more than one X, whatever X may be. The second reason is that, unless otherwise specified, we can be confident that the plural form of any countable noun will be formed by adding to the singular form the suffix -s (or rather, the appropriate allomorph of this suffix); in other words, suffixing -s is the regular method of forming plurals.That qualification unless otherwise specified is crucial, however. Any native speaker of English, after a moments thought, should be able to think of at least two or three nouns that form their plural in some other way than by adding -s: for example, child has the plural form children, tooth has the plural teeth, and man has the plural men. The complete list of such nouns in English is not long, but it includes some that are extremely common. What this means for the dictionary entries for child, tooth, man and the others is that, although nothing has to be said about either the fact that these nouns possess a plural form or about what it means, something does have to be said about how the plural is formed.(Andrew Carstairs-McCarthy, An Introduction to English Morphology: Words and Their Structure. Edinburgh University Press, 2002) Eight Regular Morphological InflectionsThere are eight regular morphological inflections, or grammatically marked forms, that English words can take: plural, possessive, third-person singular present tense, past tense, present participle, past participle, comparative degree, and superlative degree. Most have phonologically sensitive realizations. . . .Modern English has relatively few morphological inflections in comparison with Old English or with other European languages. The inflections and word-class clues that do remain help the listener process incoming language.(Marianne Celce-Murcia, Donna M. Brinton, and Janet M. Goodwin, Teaching Pronunciation: A Reference for Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages. Cambridge University Press, 1996)Irregular Inflectional MorphologyThe so-called irregular inflectional morphology or morphological processes (such as internal vowel change or ablaut (sing, sang, sung)) today represent limited historical remnants of former grammatical inflectional systems which were probably semantically based and are now acquired lexically for frequently used lexical items rather than as grammatical systems (Tobin 1993:Ch. 12).​(Yishai Tobin, Phonology as Human Behavior: Inflectional Systems in English. Advances in Functional Linguistics: Columbia School Beyond Its Origins, ed. by Joseph Davis, Radmila J. Gorup, and Nancy Stern. John Benjamins, 2006)

The Real World of Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 3

The Real World of Management - Essay Example the direction of using specific analytical and evaluative methodological tools which can help to identify, promote and evaluate the quality of learning procedures inside organizations. (Easterby-Smith and Araujo 1999). The coming out of the idea of the ‘learning organization’ is covered with that possibly by defining contribution provides a theoretical framework connecting the know-how of living in a circumstance where there is increased change with the consequent need for learning. Loss of the stable state means that our society and all of its institutions are always encountering transformation. We cannot look forward to new constant states that will last for our own lifetimes. We must therefore learn to appreciate, direct, manipulate and manage these changes. We not only have to be in a position to be capable to change our institutions, in relation to the emerging changing situations in the collaborating organization; but must also be in a position to invent and develop institutions which are capable of bringing about their own continuing transformation. (Schon 1973) Efficiency and healthy competition are, by far and wide a function of knowledge generation and processing information about the market, firms and territories are prearranged in networks of production, management and distribution, the core economic activities are global that is, they are capable to work as a unit in real time, or given time, on a environmental scale. (Castells 2001) The Learning Company is a vision of what might be possible. It is not arrived at by simply training individuals; this only happens as a result of learning at the whole organization structure. A Learning organization facilitates the training of all its members and continuously transforming itself. (Pedler et. al. 1991) The international disintegration of production in global value chains, driven by technological progress, cost, access to resources and markets, and trade policy reforms, challenges the way we look

Chinese international expansion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Chinese international expansion - Essay Example h the solid backing from the parent organisation, ICT, Lenovo attained huge success through add-on cards market that became the utmost chief source of returns in this phase (Ronghui, 2005 p. 19). From 1991, Lenovo Group Ltd. started to vend its own PCs brand. Because of its suitable business approaches, it put up a renowned PC brand within Chinese market within a very brief time. By 1994, Lenovo Group converted to a public firm, listed at the Hong Kong Stock-Exchange. By 1997, it beat IBM, HP and Compaq turning into the leading computer vendor in China and has remained in the first place up to now with an incessantly expanding market-share of virtually 30 per cent of the total market-share. Its product groupings have been differentiated to encompass PC modules, servers, printers, digital cameras, network machines and mobile phones (Ronghui, 2005 p. 25). Though Lenovo attained the excellent success within national market, its global business still remained in a premature stage. Afore the IBM PCD’s acquisition was announced, its foreign ventures have been established only within a few overseas countries largely focusing upon East-South Asia (Ronghui, 2005 p. 22). Lenovo sales from foreign market accounted for roughly only 10 percent of Lenovo’s overall revenue. Before the IBM PCD’s acquisition, Lenovo was, nonetheless, continuing with a premature phase of internationalisation procedure of employing stages approaches, for instance, Dunning’s eclectic model or Uppsala model. For example, through employing Dunning’s IDP methodology, Lenovo’s was in the phase two up to time of acquisition. Rendering to these stages concepts, Lenovo should have followed an incremental procedure for its transnational expansion procedure. Nonetheless, Lenovo assimilated IBM PCD and... Overseas investment holding firms play a crucial role within the outward investment stratagems of Chinese private and state-owned businesses via onward journey outward foreign direct investment. A good example is the IBM PC’s acquisition by Lenovo. Seeking strategic assets is absolutely not the most crucial driver of outward foreign direct investment within these private corporations, majority of which can suffer more grim financial constrictions than big state-owned firms. A crucial reason for international expansion in these companies is to expand affairs with other prosperous TNCs, often operating as suppliers to engineering OEMs, and/or as providers of services. In the case for Lenovo, it is evident that the companies in the early instance, they develop their own fundamental resources as well as capabilities. There exists a genuine function for tax harbours as well as offshore financial hubs, as they allow economic endeavour to transpire that otherwise might never have occ urred. The establishment of partners in tax sanctuaries is not essentially harmful. Undeniably, an unplanned tax laws consequence supporting foreign investment within China is that it has generated inducements for firms to move overseas. Offshore holding firms in renowned tax harbours, in effect, may as well build a good basis for more international expansion.

Apex Investment Essay Example for Free

Apex Investment Essay AccessLine’s initial financing came in the form of strategic alliances. In 1989, McCaw Cellular Communication invested in AccessLine, providing a considerable amount of their intial capital. This funding secured the strategic partnership between AccessLine and McCaw Cellular. This launched further alliances between AccessLine and other phone company carriers, in which AccessLine granted them an exclusive franchise in the market for a set fee. The carriers were permitted to market AccessLine’s service under their own company name. AccessLine also developed partnerships with equipment manufacturers such as Stratus Computer and Motorola, also providing them with a franchise in exchange for funding. However AccessLine’s growth prompted the need for larger investments. Thus, in 1994, AccessLine diversified their financing to professional equity investors. Providing funding worth $15. 5 million, AccessLine’s CFO Bill Stuart, and Morgan Stanley’s Bill Brady executed the transaction, involving the private placement from five investors. Such a strategy was chosen due to AccessLine’s lack of capital in the initial stages of AccessLine’s establishment. AccessLine was not lacking in management or technology and thus was not in need of a venture capitalist in its early stages to control the company or provide the company with expertise or administration. Private investors, such as McCaw Cellular Communications, were more appropriate for AccessLine in that they provided the necessary funding without coercing AccessLine to forsake control of the company. McCaw also provided both clientele and investments. AccessLine’s lack of experience from mergers and acquisitions forced them to eventually turn to venture capitalists in 1994, a time when their strategy had changed. The venture capitalists could help in evaluating a target company through their experience in purchasing and selling businesses. The funds from Apex Investment Partners would serve beneficially for AccessLine because of their vast knowledge and experience in the industry. George Middlemas and Rick Bolander, both of whom had joined Apex in the early 90’s, had had previous experiences working in the telecommunications industry and racked up an extensive list of contacts in the industry. Thus, Apex would eventually prove to be a profitable investment for AccessLine.